Fire safety is the state of object, characterized by possibility of
prevention of origin and development of fire, and also affecting, people and
property of dangerous factors of fire. Fire safety of object must be provided
by the systems of prevention of fire and fire-prevention defence, including by
organizationally-technical measures. A fire is impossible not under what circumstances, if the contact of
lighting source is eliminated with combustible material (on this basis
principle the divisions of rules of fire safety, sent to prevention and
extinguishing of fires, are developed). If the potential source of lighting and combustible environment it is
impossible fully to exclude from a technological process, then this equipment
or apartment, which it is placed in, must be reliably protected by automatic
facilities :
Emergency disconnecting of equipment
Different signaling. The methods of counteraction to
the fire are divided by:
are ablatitious probability origins of fire (prophylactic);
- protecting and life-saving from a fire. Prevention of distribution of fire is arrived at by measures, limiting an
area, intensity and duration of burning. To them behave: structural
and by volume of-plan decisions impedimental to distribution of dangerous
factors of fire on an apartment, between apartments, between the groups of
apartments of different functional fire hazard, between floors and sections,
between fire compartments, and also between building; limitation
of fire hazard of the build materials used in the superficial layers of
building constructions, including êðîâåëü, finishing and revetments of facades,
apartments and ways of evacuation; decline
of technological âçðûâî-ïîæàðíîé and fire danger of apartments and building; presence
of primary, including automatic and signaling and notification about a fire.
Prophylactic actions
Domestic actions, ablatitious
probability of origin of fire :
Electric
wiring in order to avoid the origin of short circuit able to result in a fire,
insulate. Insulate
from moisture of wall outlet, located in WC and on external walls. ÓÇÎ
and automatic safety devices set. Òåïëîèçîëèðóþò
gas and electric flags from wooden furniture. For
extinguishing of cigarette-ends use ash-trays, and candles fire is set in
candlesticks.
Also all employees of enterprises must study a fire-TEHnical minimum.
Protective actions Protecting directly from a fire is divided by protecting of man from a high
temperature and from frequently more hazardous poison substances distinguished
at a fire in air. Use the thermal isolation clothes of ÁÎÏ (battle clothes of
fireman), insulating gas-masks and vehicles on the compressed air, filter air
hoods on the type of gas-masks.
